每个国家都有一些标志性建筑能够让人印在脑海里，标志性建筑是一个国家的名片和象征，它代表着本国风格特色，通过标誌性建筑就可以唤起对整个国家的记忆。一看到它就可以联想到其所在的国家，例如美国自由女神像、巴黎埃菲尔铁塔、埃及金字塔、悉尼歌剧院、中国万里长城等等。世界各国必去的8大地标建筑，你去过几个?跟着小编一起去看看吧!

The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with "JULY IV MDCCLXXVI" (July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.

自由女神像是法国在1876年赠送给美国的独立100周年礼物，位于美国纽约市哈德逊河口附近。自由女神像高46米，加基座为93米，重200多吨，是金属铸造，置于一座混凝土制的台基上。

自由女神穿着古希腊风格服装，头带光芒四射冠冕，七道尖芒象征七大洲。右手高举象征自由的火炬，左手捧着《独立宣言》;脚下是打碎的手铐、脚镣和锁链，象征着挣脱暴政的约束和自由。一个多世纪以来，耸立在自由岛上的自由女神铜像已成为美利坚民族和美法人民的友谊象征，永远表达着美国人民争取民主、向往自由的崇高理想。

2. 法国-埃菲尔铁塔(Eiffel Tower)

The Eiffel Tower is a wrought iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.

Constructed from 1887–89 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world.[3] The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015.

The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct.

The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second levels. The top level's upper platform is 276 m (906 ft) above the ground – the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift (elevator) to the first and second levels. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift.

埃菲尔铁塔(法语：La Tour Eiffel Tower)于1889年建成，矗立在塞纳河岸法国巴黎的战神广场，它是法国文化象征之一、巴黎城市地标之一、巴黎最高建筑物，被法国人爱称为“铁娘子”。

埃菲尔铁塔得名于设计它的着名建筑师、结构工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔，全部由施耐德铁器建造，全高300米，天线高24米，总高324米，由很多分散的钢铁构建组成，看起来就像一堆模型组建。其中钢铁构建有18038个，重达10000吨，使用铆钉250万个。除了四个脚是钢筋水泥之外，全身都用钢铁构成，塔身总重量7000吨。塔分三楼，分别在离地面57.6米、115.7米和276.1米处，一、二楼设有餐厅，叁楼建有景观台，从塔座到塔顶共有1711级阶梯。

3. 英国-大笨钟(Big Ben)

Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London and is usually extended to refer to both the clock and the clock tower.The official name of the tower in which Big Ben is located was originally the Clock Tower, but it was renamed Elizabeth Tower in 2012 to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

The tower was designed by Augustus Pugin in a neo-gothic style. When completed in 1859, it was, says horologist Ian Westworth, "the prince of timekeepers: the biggest, most accurate four-faced striking and chiming clock in the world". It stands 315 feet (96 m) tall, and the climb from ground level to the belfry is 334 steps. Its base is square, measuring 39 feet (12 m) on each side. Dials of the clock are 23 feet (7.0 m) in diameter. On 31 May 2009, celebrations were held to mark the tower's 150th anniversary.

Big Ben is the largest of five bells and weighs 13 1⁄2 long tons (13.7 tonnes; 15.1 short tons). It was the largest bell in the United Kingdom for 23 years. The origin of the bell's nickname is open to question; it may be named after Sir Benjamin Hall, who oversaw its installation, or heavyweight boxing champion Benjamin Caunt. Four quarter bells chime at 15, 30 and 45 minutes past the hour and just before Big Ben tolls on the hour. The clock uses its original Victorian mechanism, but an electric motor can be used as a backup.

大笨钟建于1858年，是英国伦敦着名的古钟，即威斯敏斯特宫中塔，英国国会会议厅附属的钟楼的大报时钟的昵称。安装在西敏寺桥北议会大厦东侧高95米的钟楼上。

大钟由当年负责公务的专员本杰明爵士监製，故名“大本”。钟重14吨，钟盘直径7米，时针和分针长度分别为2.75米和4.27米，钟摆重305公斤，每走一小时，发出深沉而又鏗鏘的报时声，每15分钟响一次。1923年起，通过广播，钟声远及世界各地。

4.中国-万里长城(Great Wall)

The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications made of stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other materials, generally built along an east-to-west line across the historical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires against the raids and invasions of the various nomadic groups of the Eurasian Steppe. Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC;these, later joined together and made bigger and stronger, are collectively referred to as the Great Wall.Especially famous is the wall built in 220–206 BC by Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China. Little of that wall remains. The Great Wall has been rebuilt, maintained, and enhanced over various dynasties; the majority of the existing wall is from the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644).Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of immigration and emigration. Furthermore, the defensive characteristics of the Great Wall were enhanced by the construction of watch towers, troop barracks, garrison stations, signaling capabilities through the means of smoke or fire, and the fact that the path of the Great Wall also served as a transportation corridor.The Great Wall stretches from Dandong in the east to Lop Lake in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. A comprehensive archaeological survey, using advanced technologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,850 km (5,500 mi).This is made up of 6,259 km (3,889 mi) sections of actual wall, 359 km (223 mi) of trenches and 2,232 km (1,387 mi) of natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. Another archaeological survey found that the entire wall with all of its branches measures out to be 21,196 km (13,171 mi). Today, the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural feats in history.

万里长城是中国古代的军事防御工程。长城修筑历史可追溯到西周时期，发生在首都镐京(今西安)的着名典故“烽火戏诸侯”就源于此。自战国时期开始，修筑长城一直是一项大工程。

据记载，秦王使用了近百万劳动力修筑长城，占全国人口的1/20。长城资源主要分佈在河北、北京、天津、山西、陕西、甘肃、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、山东、河南、青海、宁夏、新疆等15个区省市。长城连续修筑时间之长，工程之大，施工之艰巨，历史文化内涵之丰富，是世界其他古代工程难以相比的。

5.俄罗斯-莫斯科红场(Red Square in Moscow)

Red Square is a city square (plaza) in Moscow, Russia. It separates the Kremlin, the former royal citadel and now the official residence of the President of Russia, from a historic merchant quarter known as Kitai-gorod. Red Square is often considered the central square of Moscow since Moscow's major streets, which connect to Russia's major highways, originate from the square.

The name Red Square originates neither from the pigment of the surrounding bricks (which, in fact, were whitewashed at certain periods) nor from the link between the colour red and communism. Rather, the name came about because the Russian word красная (krasnaya), which means both "red" and "beautiful," was applied to a small area between St. Basil's Cathedral, the Spassky Tower of the Kremlin, and the herald's platform called Lobnoe Mesto (contrary to the common misconception, it actually never was a place of execution), and Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich officially extended the name to the entire square, which had previously been called Pozhar, or "burnt-out place", in reference to the fact that several buildings had to be burned down to make place for the square.[citation needed] Several ancient Russian towns, such as Suzdal, Kiev, Yelets, and Pereslavl-Zalessky, have their main square named Krasnaya ploshchad.

红场是俄罗斯首都莫斯科市中心的着名广场，位于莫斯科市中心，西南与克里姆林宫殿相毗连。

原是前苏联重要节日举行群眾集会和阅兵的地方。辟于十五世纪末，十七世纪后半期取今名。平面长方形，面积约4公顷。西侧是克里姆林宫，北面为国立历史博物馆，东侧为百货大楼，南部为瓦西里不拉仁教堂，临莫斯科河。列宁陵墓位于靠宫墙一面的中部。墓上为检阅台，两旁为观礼台。

6.意大利-比萨斜塔(Leaning Tower of Pisa)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its unintended tilt. The tower is situated behind the Pisa Cathedral and is the third oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square (Piazza del Duomo), after the cathedral and the Pisa Baptistry.The tower's tilt began during construction in the 12th century, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight. The tilt increased in the decades before the structure was completed in the 14th century. It gradually increased until the structure was stabilized (and the tilt partially corrected) by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.The height of the tower is 55.86 metres (183.27 feet) from the ground on the low side and 56.67 metres (185.93 feet) on the high side. The width of the walls at the base is 2.44 m (8 ft 0.06 in). Its weight is estimated at 14,500 metric tons (16,000 short tons). The tower has 296 or 294 steps; the seventh floor has two fewer steps on the north-facing staircase. Prior to restoration work performed between 1990 and 2001, the tower leaned at an angle of 5.5 degrees, but the tower now leans at about 3.99 degrees. This means the top of the tower is displaced horizontally 3.9 metres (12 ft 10 in) from the centre.

比萨斜塔是意大利比萨城大教堂的独立式钟楼，位于意大利托斯卡纳省比萨城北面的奇迹广场上。比萨斜塔从地基到塔顶高58.36米，从地面到塔顶高55米，钟楼墙体在地面上宽度是4.09米，在塔顶宽2.48米，总重约14453吨，重心在地基上方22.6米处。圆形基地面积为285平方米，对地面的平均压强为497千帕。倾斜角度3.99度，偏离地基外沿2.5米，顶层突出4.5米。

1987年它和相邻的大教堂、洗礼堂、墓园一起因其对11世纪至14世纪对意大利建筑艺术的巨大影响，而被联合国教育科学文化组织评选为世界遗产。

7.印度-泰姬陵(Taj Mahal)

The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan (reigned from 1628 to 1658), to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The tomb is the centrepiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall.Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643 but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years. The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around 32 million rupees, which in 2015 would be approximately 52.8 billion rupees (U.S. $827 million). The construction project employed some 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.The Taj Mahal was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage". It is regarded by many as the best example of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India's rich history. The Taj Mahal attracts 7–8 million visitors a year. In 2007, it was declared a winner of the New7Wonders of the World (2000–2007) initiative.

泰姬陵是印度知名度最高的古迹之一，在今印度距新德里200多公里外的北方邦的阿格拉(Agra)城内，亚穆纳河右侧。是莫卧儿王朝第5代皇帝沙贾汗为了纪念他已故的皇后阿姬曼·芭奴而建立的陵墓，被誉为“完美建筑”。

泰姬陵由殿堂、钟楼、尖塔、水池等构成，全部用纯白色的大理石建筑，用玻璃、玛瑙镶嵌，绚丽夺目、美丽无比。有极高的艺术价值。2007年7月7日，成为世界七大奇迹之一。

8.

.阿联酋-阿拉伯塔酒店(Burj Al Arab)

The Burj Al Arab  is a luxury hotel located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is the third tallest hotel in the world (although 39% of its total height is made up of non-occupiable space).Burj Al Arab stands on an artificial island 280 m (920 ft) from Jumeirah Beach and is connected to the mainland by a private curving bridge. The shape of the structure is designed to resemble the sail of a ship. It has a helipad near the roof at a height of 210 m (689 ft) above ground.

The beachfront area where Burj Al Arab and Jumeirah Beach Hotel are located was previously called Miami Beach. The hotel is located on an island of reclaimed land 280 meters offshore of the beach of the former Chicago Beach Hotel. The locale's name had its origins in the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company which at one time welded giant floating oil storage tanks, known locally as Kazzans on the site.[10]The old name persisted after the old hotel was demolished in 1997. Dubai Chicago Beach Hotel remained as the Public Project Name for the construction phase of Burj Al Arab Hotel until Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum announced the new name.

全世界最豪华的酒店当数 迪拜的泊瓷酒店，又称阿拉伯酒店，它是世界为数不多的七星级酒店之一。位于中东地区 国迪拜市。

这座看起来好像是正在进行中的帆船形象的酒店建在海滨的一个人工岛上，是一个帆船形状的塔状建筑，一共有56层，321米高，由英国着名设计师W·S·Atkins设计。到过阿拉伯酒店之后，才会体会到真正意义的“金碧辉煌”。